Tips for Dairy Farmers: Combating Heat Stress in Cows
High summer temperatures can negatively affect the productivity of dairy cows. Studies show that milk yield begins to drop above 25 °C, especially with high humidity. Heat stress reduces appetite, increases energy expenditure for body temperature regulation, and disrupts hormonal balance – directly lowering milk production.
To maintain stable output, it is essential to adapt housing, feeding, and daily routines.
-
Cool the barn
Ventilation is key. Install fans or misting systems if possible. Combine shade, airflow, and spraying, while avoiding excessive humidity. -
Clean, fresh water
During hot weather, a cow can drink up to 100 liters a day. Water should be fresh (10–15 °C), clean, constantly available, and regularly replenished. -
Adjusted feeding
Dry matter intake decreases in heat. Provide high-quality, digestible concentrates with essential minerals (especially sodium and potassium). -
Feeding schedule
Feed early in the morning and late in the evening when temperatures are lower. Many farmers switch to a night-time routine during heatwaves. -
Stress reduction
Avoid moving animals, vaccinations, or handling during peak heat. Ensure access to shade – natural or artificial. -
Health monitoring
Watch for signs such as reduced activity, rapid breathing, walking difficulty, or loss of appetite. Call a vet at the first signs of trouble. -
Insect protection
Flying insects add to stress. Use natural repellents, nets, and organic products that are safe for milk production.
With effective planning and quick adaptations, stable milk production is achievable even during the hottest months. Investing in cow welfare ensures sustainable production and healthier animals.
